时光葫芦

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时光葫芦.png

概述

本作品实现模拟沙漏倒计时功能，并用LED灯带模拟沙漏中沙子向下滴落的效果。使用时先根据制作说明将 作品组装完整，然后接上电源（9V电池或USB供电），打开主控板开关，正立放置在桌面即可。四位数码管作 为显示装置，可设置0-9999，流水灯每完成一次循环，显示值减1，到0后自动停止；需要重置或启动沙漏 时，将作品倒立一秒后再正立。DIY动手组装，锻炼动手能力，了解智能创意电子套件的使用，激发创新思 维，增加学习乐趣。

使用教程


组装说明

点击下载.png
  1. File:时光葫芦装配.pdf
  2. File:数字沙漏制作说明.rar


时光葫芦装配.png

电子模块清单

模块名称 数量
W1主控板 x1
倾斜开关 x1
数码管 x1
RGB灯带（8颗） x1

电子模块连接说明

模块 引脚 说明
倾斜开关 W1-3/11接口
数码管 W1-7/8接口
RGB灯带 W1-UART(0/1)接口

Arduino程序/图形化程序

点击下载.png
 时光葫芦程序包 


#include "Wire.h"
#include "TM1650.h"
#include "Adafruit_NeoPixel.h"
#include "FlexiTimer2.h"
#include "TM1637x.h"
#include "TM1650.h"

// #define CLK           7
// #define DATA          8

#define xinhao        3

#define MAX_LEN  8               //LED灯数量

uint32_t LED[MAX_LEN]  = {0x000000ff,0x00000080,0x00000040,0x00000010,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000}; //LED泪滴式亮灯正向数组（蓝灯）
uint32_t LED1[MAX_LEN] = {0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000000,0x00000010,0x00000040,0x00000080,0x000000ff}; //LED1泪滴式亮灯反向数组（蓝灯）
                 
int val,vall;
int16_t temp = 0;
TM1650  d;
char line[] = {"----"};
unsigned long blanktime;
unsigned long blanktime1;

long int number=6000; /* 代表那个非常大的数字 */
long int number1=0; /* 代表那个非常大的数字 */
unsigned char ge,shi,bai,qian,wan; /* 代表提取结果：个，十，百，千，万 */

int8_t DispData[5];  //数据缓冲数组

int ks=0;
int flag=0;
int flag1=1;
int flag2=0;


int numpixelsPin = 0;
#define nusec  5
#define NUMPIXELS      8

Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels1 = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUMPIXELS, numpixelsPin, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);

TM1637 digitalDis; //创建一个数码管显示对象 
char getTochar(uint8_t bcd)//正显示，取得正显示码
{
  char c;
  switch (bcd)
  {
    case 0:
      c = '0';
      break;
    case 1:
      c = '1';
      break;
    case 2:
      c = '2';
      break;
    case 3:
      c = '3';
      break;
    case 4:
      c = '4';
      break;
    case 5:
      c = '5';
      break;
    case 6:
      c = '6';
      break;
    case 7:
      c = '7';
      break;
    case 8:
      c = '8';
      break;
    default:
      c = '9';
      break;
  }
  return c;
}
char getTochar1(uint8_t bcd)//反显示，取得反显示码
{
  char c;
  switch (bcd)
  {
    case 0:
      c = '0';
      break;
    case 1:
      c = '1';
      break;
    case 2:
      c = '2';
      break;
    case 3:
      c = 'E';
      break;
    case 4:
      c = 'h';
      break;
    case 5:
      c = '5';
      break;
    case 6:
      c = '9';
      break;
    case 7:
      c = 'L';
      break;
    case 8:
      c = '8';
      break;
    default:
      c = '6';
      break;
  }
  return c;
}
void hexToBCD(unsigned long int val)//正显示
{
  int i;
  unsigned long int num = val;
  if (num > 6000) num = 6000;
  for (i=0; num > 999; i++) num -= 1000;
  
  if(i != 0)
  {
    line[1] = getTochar(i); 
  }
  else
  {
    line[1] = ' ';
  }
  
  for (i=0; num > 99; i++) 
  {
    num -= 100;
  }
  
  if(i != 0)
  {
    line[2] = getTochar(i);
  }
  else
  {
    if(line[1]==' ')
    {
      line[2] = ' ';
    }
  }
  
  for (i=0; num > 9; i++)
  {
    num -= 10;
  }
  
  line[3] = getTochar(i);
  
  line[4] = getTochar(num);
  
  line[0] = ' ';
}
void hexToBCD1(unsigned long int val)//反显示
{
  int i;
  unsigned long int num = val;
  if (num > 6000) num = 6000;
  for (i=0; num > 999; i++) num -= 1000;
  if(i != 0)
  {
     line[2] = getTochar1(i);
  }
  else
  {
    line[2] = ' ';
  }
  for (i=0; num > 99; i++) num -= 100;
  
  if(i != 0)
  {
    line[1] = getTochar1(i);
  }
  else
  {
    if(line[2] == ' ')
    {
      line[1] = ' ';
    }
    else
    {
      line[1] = getTochar1(i);
    }
  }
  for (i=0; num > 9; i++) num -= 10;
  line[0] = getTochar1(i);
  line[4] =  getTochar1(num);
  line[3] = ' ';
}
/**********************************************************************************
 * 
 **********************************************************************************/



/******************************************
 泪滴灯光算法(正向)
******************************************/
void LedDropPattern(void)
{
  static uint8_t start = 0;  
  int i,m;

  for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
  {
    m = i + start;
    m = m % 8;
    pixels1.setPixelColor(i, LED[m]);
  }
  pixels1.show();
  start++;
  start = start % 8;
}

/******************************************
 泪滴灯光算法(反向)，反向时数据类型要定义成uint8
 数据类型的定义影响取值结果。
******************************************/
void LedDropPattern1(void)
{
  static uint8_t start1 = 0;
  int i,m;

  for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
  {
    m = i + start1;
    m = m % 8;
    pixels1.setPixelColor(i, LED1[m]);
  }
  pixels1.show();
  start1--;
  start1 = start1 % 8;
}

/******************************************
 系统初始化配置
******************************************/
void setup() 
{
  pinMode(numpixelsPin,OUTPUT); 
  
  pinMode(xinhao,INPUT);
  
  digitalWrite(numpixelsPin,LOW); 
  
  Wire.begin();      // join i2c bus (address optional for master)
  d.init();
  d.displayOff();
  blanktime = millis();
//  Serial.begin(115200);
}
/**********************************************************************************
 * 
 **********************************************************************************/
void loop()
{
    unsigned int Light_sr;
    Light_sr = digitalRead(xinhao);
//   Serial.println(Light_sr);
//当沙漏正放时，倾斜开关输出为“0”电平，倒放放时输出为“1”电平。

   if((Light_sr==0)&&(ks==0))//沙漏正放时，Light_sr读到0
   {
     ks=1;
     if((number==6000))
     {
      for(int i=0; i<4; i++) line[i] ='-';     
      d.displayString(line);
      d.setBrightness(TM1650_MIN_BRIGHT);
      d.displayOn();
     }
     while(digitalRead(xinhao) == 1);
     delay(50);
     while(digitalRead(xinhao) == 1);
   }
   
   if((Light_sr==1)&&(ks==0))//沙漏倒放时，Light_sr读到1
   {
      ks=1;
      if((number==6000))
      {
        for(int i=0; i<4; i++) line[i] ='-';     
        d.displayString(line);
        d.setBrightness(TM1650_MIN_BRIGHT);
        d.displayOn();
      }
      while(digitalRead(xinhao) == 1);      
      delay(100);
      while(digitalRead(xinhao) == 1);
   }   
  if(ks)
  {
    if(digitalRead(xinhao))//1时，倒放
    {
      LedDropPattern();
     if(number1 >0)
     {
        number1--;
        number++;
        ge = (unsigned char)(number1%10);
        wan = (unsigned char)((number1/10)%10);
        qian = (unsigned char)((number1/100)%10);
        bai = (unsigned char)((number1/1000)%10);
        shi = (unsigned char)((number1/10000)%10);

        hexToBCD1(number1); 
        d.displayString(line);
        d.setBrightness(1);
        d.displayOn();   
        delay(110);
     }
     else
     { 
        number1 = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<4; i++) line[i] ='-';
        d.displayString(line);
        d.setBrightness(TM1650_MIN_BRIGHT);
        d.displayOn();
     }
    }
    
    else//0时,正放
    {
      LedDropPattern1();//正向沙漏效果
     if(number>0)//修改为：大于等于0时，可以显示
     {
        number--;//正变量从最大6000减减
        number1=(6000-number);//反变量从0加加    
        ge= (unsigned char)(number%10);
        shi= (unsigned char)((number/10)%10);
        bai= (unsigned char)((number/100)%10);
        qian= (unsigned char)((number/1000)%10);
        wan= (unsigned char)((number/10000)%10);

        hexToBCD(number);  
        d.displayString(line);
        d.setBrightness(1);
        d.displayOn();      
        delay(110);
     }
     else//小于0时，显示“----”
     {
        LedDropPattern1();
        number = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<4; i++) line[i] ='-';
        d.displayString(line);
        d.setBrightness(TM1650_MIN_BRIGHT);
        d.displayOn();
     }
    }
  } 
}

FAQ

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